Checking the Variac with the Oscilloscope

Started on a little more of the wiring today. My task was to add a feed wire from the variac unit which would supply 240v to the SRSG feed transformer. This wire would just tap into the input feed after the on/off switch within the variac housing. I thought it would be a good idea to test the variac electrical connections before adding anymore wiring. The safest way to do this was to use the function generator on my oscilloscope to supply a low amplitude (about 5v) 50Hz signal across the input terminals of the variac and test the output with one of the channels on the oscilloscope.

Here's the setup I used. The function generator is plugged into the inputs of the variac and also channel 2 of the oscilloscope. The oscilloscope probe is connected across the output of the variac and feed into channel 1 on the oscilloscope. With both channels set to the same volts/div and the scope set to dual trace (shows both channel traces on same screen) it's very easy to see to compare input and output of the variac. Far safer than slapping a plug on the variac, plugging into the mains and hoping all is OK.

You can see from the video when the variac control knob is set to zero there is no output. As the knob is rotated the flat trace rises till it reaches the same amplitude as the output of the function generator. This is the required result and shows that the variac is functioning correctly. When in use with the tesla coil I will only need to use about half the range of the variac as the NST is rated at 110v. Tomorrow I will add the wiring for the SRSG. 

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230V to 110V for Synchronous Motor

Did a little more wiring today. It consisted of connecting one of the female IEC socket in the front panel to the step down transformer on the second level of the tesla coil. I used a length of standard 3A 2 core round black flex. The synchronous motor is rated at 7.5W at 110V so by the equation

                  Power (Watts) = Current (Amps) X Voltage (Volts)

            so   Current (Amps) = Power (Watts)
                                                ------------------
                                                Voltage (Volts)

                                             = 7.5
                                                ----
                                                110

                                             = 0.068 Amps

So, as you can see it draws very little current and even the lightweight 3A cable is a bit of an overkill.

The top IEC socket will supply 240V to the step down transformer which in turn will supply 110V to the synchronous motor. The transformer was sourced from Newlec and came in panel form (uncased) but mounted on a pressed steel bracket. I removed the bracket so I could mount the transformer on a perspex base. This meant that I had to remove the connection strip. This task was undertaken several months back and I thought it would be wise to check that the connections were correct and the transformer is doing what's expected, also a good reason to play with my Xmas present.

The transformer has inputs for 230V and 240V with an output of 110V. I decided to supply a 50Hz AC voltage across the 230V inputs and measure the output of the terminals marked as 110V. I used the function generator built into my oscilloscope to supply this signal to the transformer at a very safe amplitude of about 3 volts. The same signal was feed into channel 2 on the oscilloscope.

The oscilloscope probe was plugged into channel 1 and then connected across the 110V output terminals. With the same volts per division set on both channels and the scope set to dual I could view the input and output waves at the same time. I did take a pic to show you the result but my camera only got an image of a few dots on the oscilloscope screen due to the high speed of the trace. So I took a quick video with my Sony Bloggie.

As you can see, the terminal connection are correct and the transformer is stepping down the voltage by  a factor of about 2 so 230V would be output at about 110V.

I can now finish the wiring to the transformer with confidence. Very pleasing to see actual inputs and outputs on the oscilloscope screen also interesting to see how the 2 signals stay in phase.